Optical Lens
A lens manipulates light through refraction, either concentrating or dispersing it. Unlike a prism that refracts without focusing, a lens concentrates light to create an image. Typically crafted from glass or plastic, lenses can also be fashioned from liquids, mimicking the focusing mechanism of the human eye. Glass lenses are meticulously shaped through grinding and polishing. In contrast, plastic lenses are formed by molding.
Simple Lens
Simple lenses use a single lens to refract light and is divided into eight types based on the curvature of their two optical surfaces. Converging (convex) lenses concentrate parallel rays of light, while diverging (concave) cause the rays of light to spread out.
Converging
Diverging
Achromatic Lens
Achromatic lenses offer exceptional off-axis performance and are engineered to maintain a consistent focal length irrespective of aperture and operating wavelength. Typically produced as doublets or triplets, they provide superior color correction within the visible wavelength range. Their application is prominent in fields demanding precise analytical observation, such as microscopes and medical instruments.
Spherical Lens
A spherical lens features a curved surface with a spherical shape. Initially categorized as convex or concave, it is further divided into Plano, double, and meniscus lenses within these groups.
ASpherical Lens
Unlike spherical lenses, the aspherical lens utilizes a non-spherical curved surface. Its design aims to minimize spherical aberration, reducing the need for multiple lenses while achieving a focused, distortion-free image.
Cylindrical Lens
This lens selectively focuses or magnifies light along a single axis, making it ideal for one-dimensional light manipulation applications. Cylindrical lenses commonly used in optical metrology, laser scanning, and various optical processor applications use materials such as N-BK7 glass, UV fused silica, or CaF2.
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